1.Ascent; height; elevation. (R.) "Sciences that were then in their highest ascendant."
2.(Astrol.) The horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic which rises above the horizon at the moment of one's birth; supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's life and fortune. Note: Hence the phrases To be in the ascendant, to have commanding power or influence, and Lord of the ascendant, one who has possession of such power or influence; as, to rule, for a while, lord of the ascendant.
3.Superiority, or commanding influence; ascendency; as, one man has the ascendant over another. "Chievres had acquired over the mind of the young monarch the ascendant not only of a tutor, but of a parent."
4.An ancestor, or one who precedes in genealogy or degrees of kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; opposed to descendant.